Boats (Sakanan) — 11


បន្ទាប់មកទៀតរូបភាពទី ១១ រូបភាពទី ១១ គឺទូកបានមកដល់កំពង់ផែមួយទៀតហើយ អញ្ចឹងនៅពេលដែលមកដល់កំពង់ផែ អ្នកដែលត្រូវធ្វើដំណើរមកកំពង់ផែមួយនេះ គឺត្រូវចុះពីលើទូកទាំងអស់ អញ្ចឹងជាក់ស្ដែងបុរសម្នាក់នេះ គាត់ចង់ចុះនៅក្នុងកំពង់ផែមួយនេះ ដូច្នេះនៅពេលដែលទូកឈប់ គាត់ក៏បានចេញពីទូក អញ្ចឹងយើងឃើញ យើងឃើញនៅក្នុងរូបភាពនេះ គឺយើងឃើញថា នៅពេលដែលទូកចត គឺអត់មានលំនឹងទេ អញ្ចឹងទូកអាចអណ្ដែតទៅកន្លែងផ្សេងទៀតបាន ដូច្នេះដើម្បីទប់ឲ្យវាលំនឹង ដើម្បីឲ្យទប់ឲ្យវានឹងមានមួយកន្លែង គឺយើងត្រូវប្រើខ្សែពួរ ដើម្បីថ្ពក់ជាប់ទៅនឹងកំពង់ផែ ដែលយើងឃើញនៅក្នុងរូបភាពនេះ កន្ទុយទូក គឺមានខ្សែមួយចងនឹងទូក ដែលខ្សែពួរធំ ជាទូទៅយើងប្រើខ្សែពួរ ដើម្បីចងនឹងទូក ហើយកន្ទុយខ្សែម្ខាងទៀត គឺថ្ពក់ជាប់ទៅនឹងបង្គោលដែកនៅកំពង់ផែ ការធ្វើដូច្នេះគឺធ្វើឲ្យទូកមិនរលក ឬក៏មិនអណ្ដែតទៅកន្លែងណាផ្សេងក្រៅពីកំពង់ផែ ក៏ប៉ុន្តែទូកដែលចតនៅកំពង់ផែ ជាទូទៅតែងតែមានចន្លោះធំ បានន័យថាគម្លាតពីកំពង់ផែទៅទូកគឺធំ ដែលយើងមើលឃើញថា គម្លាតទាំងនោះគឺធំ ដូច្នេះអ្នកដំណើរទាំងអស់ ដែលត្រូវឡើងលើទូក ឬក៏ត្រូវចុះពីទូក ត្រូវបោះជំហានឲ្យបានវែងៗ ដើម្បីឈានពីទូកមកដល់កំពង់ផែ ប្រសិនបើយើងឈានជំហានខ្លីពេក គឺអាចធ្វើឲ្យយើងធ្លាក់ចូលក្នុងទឹក និងមានគ្រោះថ្នាក់បាន ឬក៏ដួល ឬក៏ទាក់ជើងដួល អាចធ្វើឲ្យយើងមានគ្រោះថ្នាក់គ្រលុកដៃគ្រលុកជើង ឬក៏បែកក្បាលជាដើម អញ្ចឹងយើងត្រូវបោះជំហានឲ្យវែងៗដើម្បីចេញពីទូក ដែលជាក់ស្ដែងនៅក្នុងរូបភាពនេះ គឺបុរសម្នាក់នេះ គឺគាត់បានបោះជំហានយ៉ាងវែង បោះចេញពីទូក ឡើងមកលើកំពង់ផែ។

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KhmerPronunciationEnglish/Notes
បន្ទាប់មក bɑntoap mɔɔk next, then, afterwards, later
ទៀត tiət 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional
2. to be different, other
រូបភាព ruup pʰiep 1. image, picture, drawing, photo
2. appearance, form, shape
ទី tii 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers
2. spot, place, location
3. rank, function, service
គឺ kɨɨ 1. to be (equal to)
2. as follows, namely
ទូក tuuk boat, sampan, canoe, (especially boats without motors)
បាន baan 1. to have completed/done something
2. to intend to complete something
3. marker of completed action
4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something
5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense)
6. to be able to
7. not ... until, then and only then
8. to pass to someone through inheritance
9. to be OK, fine, all right
10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot}
11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)}
មកដល់ mɔɔk dɑl to arrive at, come to
កំពង់ផែ kɑmpʊəŋ pʰae harbor, dock, wharf
មួយទៀត muəy tiət one more, once more, moreover, on the other hand, furthermore
ហើយ haǝy 1. to be finished, ended, completed
2. enough!
3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now
4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time
5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that
អញ្ចឹង ʔɑɲcəŋ 1. in that case, so, then, therefore
2. like this/that
3. this/that much
នៅ nɨv 1. in, at
2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in
3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?}
ពេល peel 1. time
2. moment, instant, period of time
ដែល dael 1. who, whom, which, where, when
2. of/to/in/at which/whom
3. the fact/reason that
4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!}
អ្នក neak 1. you (to equals of both sexes)
2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives)
ត្រូវ trəv 1. must, have to
2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate
3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with
4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction)
ធ្វើដំណើរ tvəə dɑmnaə to make a trip, travel
មក mɔɔk 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time)
2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present)
3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth
4. to, toward
មួយ muəy 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one}
2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!}
នេះ nih 1. this, these
2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space
ចុះ coh 1. to move downwards, descend, go down, get down, dismount
2. get off/out of
3. to go downstream
4. (of rain) to fall
5. (of fog/mist) to appear
6. to flow, run
7. to decrease, diminish
8. to lower a price, to give a discount
9. to submit, give up, comply
10. down (adverbial denoting movement downwards physically, in status or class, or in price)
11. downstream
12. to register, sign
13. to make an entry, record
14. to formalize
15. to conduct, carry out (e.g., an investigation)
16. to relax
17. to release
18. to be dated (with a calendrical date)
19. to work something out
20. to have diarrhea
ពី pii from, since, of, about, at
លើ ləə 1. up, on, over, above
2. to be on, over, above, located on top
3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against
ទាំងអស់ teaŋ ʔɑh all, all of
ជាក់ស្ដែង ceak sdaeŋ 1. clear, sure
2. clearly, surely, obviously
Notes: ជើង ដ
បុរស boʔrɑh man, male person
ម្នាក់ mneak 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់)
2. alone
គាត់ koat 1. he/him/his
2. she/her
3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun)
4. you/your (intimate)
ចង់ cɑŋ 1. to want/wish/desire (to do something)
2. to flirt with, court, woo (a girl)
3. to approach, draw near
4. about to (do something), on the point of
5. even if
ក្នុង knoŋ 1. in, inside
2. during + (time word)
ដូច្នេះ doucneh 1. so, thus, therefore
2. like this
ឈប់ cʰup 1. to stop, halt, cease {ឈប់ធ្វើការ = to quit one's job} {ឈប់ពីការងារ = to quit one's job} {ឡានពេទ្យបានឈប់ខាងមុខខ្លោងទ្វារមន្ទីរពេទ្យ = the ambulance stops in front of the hospital}
2. to stop, wait, hold on {ឈប់សិន = wait a moment!}
ក៏ kɑɑ marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly
ចេញ cəɲ 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit
2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication)
3. to emit, utter
4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out}
5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend
6. to gain, earn, save
7. to play (a card)
យើង yəəŋ 1. we
2. I (familiar)
3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?}
ឃើញ kʰəəɲ 1. to see, to perceive
2. to understand, to recognize
3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve
4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand
ថា tʰaa 1. to say, tell, pronounce
2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse)
3. I've [just] said, [...]
ចត cɑɑt to park
អត់ ʔɑt 1. no, not
2. to be without, lacking
3. to restrain oneself, abstain from
4. particle to form yes/no questions
មាន mien 1. to have, possess, own
2. to exist, there is, there are
3. to be rich, own property
4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to
Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’
លំនឹង lumnɨŋ physical stability, balance, equilibrium
ទេ tee 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc.
2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ
3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!}
អាច ʔaac 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something)
2. to be possible
3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to)
4. to dare to
អណ្ដែត ʔɑndaet 1. to float, drift
2. to soar, come to the surface
3. to be fortunate, lucky
4. to be clever, intelligent, shrewd
Notes: ជើង ដ
ទៅ tɨv 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away
2. towards
3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker)
4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!}
កន្លែង kɑnlaeŋ 1. place, location, region
2. clf. for locations
ផ្សេងទៀត pseeŋ tiət other
ដើម្បី daəmbəy in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for
ទប់ tup to bar, to block, to obstruct, to stop, to control, to dam up
ឲ្យ ʔaoy 1. to give
2. to let, to allow
3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?}
4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives)
Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ
វា vie 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children)
2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous)
នឹង nɨŋ future tense marker: will, about to
ប្រើ praə to use
ខ្សែពួរ ksae puə cable, rope
ថ្ពក់ tpʊək 1. to hook something, grasp with a hook
2. hook, peg
ជាប់ coap 1. to link together
2. to stick to, adhere to
3. to hold on
4. to find oneself in (a situation) {ជាប់ផុងក្នុងភក់ = [of a car] to get bogged down in the mud}
5. to be fastened, joined, attached
6. to be (firmly) connected or linked (to)
7. to be adjacent (to) {៣ ឆ្នាំជាប់គ្នា = three years in a row}
8. to be caught
9. to be associated with
10. to be occupied (with), very busy (with), deeply involved (in) {ខ្ញុំជាប់មានការរវល់បន្តិច = I'm a bit busy}
11. to be a heavy ... (e.g., drinker, smoker)
12. to be addicted to something
13. adjacent to, next to
14. to undergo
15. to pass (an examination) {ខ្ញុំសម្ភាសន៍ការងារជាប់ហើយ! = I’ve passed the job interview!}
16. to be durable
17. firm
18. tenacious
19. tenaciously
20. incessantly, constantly, always
នឹង nɨŋ with, by (means of), (attached) to
កន្ទុយ kɑntuy 1. tail
2. end, tip
3. clf. for fish
ខ្សែ ksae string, cord, rope, wire, line
ចង cɑɑŋ to tie, bind, fasten, link, attach, connect
ធំ tʰom to be big, tall, vast, important
Notes: irregular pronunciation
ជាទូទៅ cie tuu təv in general, as a whole, generally
ម្ខាងទៀត mkʰaaŋ tiət the other side, the other one (of a pair)
បង្គោល bɑŋkool post, pole
ដែក daek 1. ferrous metal, iron, steel
2. generic term for various metal tools
ការ kaa 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases
2. work, occupation
3. business, affair, matter
4. to protect, defend, prevent
5. to marry
6. marriage
7. wedding
8. interest (e.g., on a loan)
9. profit
10. usury
11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel)
12. to spin (silk)
ធ្វើ tvəə 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare
2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice}
ធ្វើឲ្យ tvəə ʔaoy 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something)
2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds)
មិន mɨn negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ)
រលក rɔlɔɔk wave, ripple
ឬក៏ rɨɨ kɑɑ or (on the other hand)
ណា naa 1. which, any
2. where, somewhere, anywhere
ផ្សេង pseeŋ to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate
ក្រៅពី krav pii besides, in addition to
ប៉ុន្តែ pontae but, however
Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ
តែងតែ taeŋ tae usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually
ចន្លោះ cɑnlɑh interval, gap, space, omission
បានន័យថា baan ney tʰaa 1. that means, in other words
2. to mean
គម្លាត kumliet separation, gap, distance apart
Notes: Headley has គំលាត, but this spelling is much less frequent
មើលឃើញ məəl kʰəəɲ to see, to look at and see, to distinguish
ទាំងនោះ teaŋ nuh all of those
អ្នកដំណើរ neak dɑmnaə traveller
ឡើង laəŋ 1. to go up, ascend
2. (of aircraft) to take off
3. to rise, get up
4. to climb
5. to get on/board (a means of transport)
6. to go upstream
7. to ferment, rise (of dough)
8. to increase
9. up, upwards
10. upstream
11. increasingly
12. on
13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings
បោះជំហាន bɑh cumhien 1. to take a step/steps
2. to make progress, advance
វែង vɛɛŋ long, tall
ឈាន cʰien to take a step, step forward, walk {ឈានជំហាន = to take a step}
ប្រសិនបើ prɑsən baə if
ជំហាន cumhien step, pace
ខ្លី kləy short (in length)
ពេក peek too, too much, too many
ធ្លាក់ tleak 1. to fall, to fall down
2. to fail (an examination)
ចូល coul 1. to enter, go in, penetrate
2. to approach
3. to reach
4. to begin, set in
5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement
6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to
7. to take in (as revenue)
8. to mate (of animals)
9. to go into a trance (of a medium)
10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium)
11. to agree with
ទឹក tɨk 1. water, juice, liquid
2. round (e.g., of a boxing match)
និង nɨŋ and
គ្រោះថ្នាក់ krʊək tnak 1. accident
2. danger, risk
3. to be dangerous
ដួល duəl to fall, to fall over, to collapse
ទាក់ជើង teak cəəŋ to trip
គ្រលុក krɔluk 1. to shake (in a container), shake up, jolt
2. to pound lightly
3. hole/bump (in the road)
ដៃ day 1. arm, hand
2. handle, lever, crank
3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot
4. tendril
5. trunk (of an elephant)
6. sleeve
7. steering wheel
8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass
9. clf. for slaps
10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk
11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts
ជើង cəəŋ 1. foot, leg
2. base, bottom
3. edge
4. subscript form of a Cambodian consonant
5. immediate vicinity
6. north {ខាងជើង = north}
7. way, path, trip
8. clf. for trips or occurrences
9. to be an expert/veteran/skilled at + verb
បែក baek 1. to break, crack
2. to go flat (of a tire)
3. to break apart, break up, branch off
4. to be broken
ក្បាល kbaal 1. head
2. beginning, source (e.g., of a stream)
3. top, front (part)
4. heading (e.g., of a document or letter)
5. bow (of a boat)
6. volume (book)
7. chief, leader
8. clf. for books, animals and dehumanized persons such as enemy soldiers
9. lot, plot, parcel
ជាដើម cie daəm 1. for example, for instance
2. as above, as listed (or given) above
3. first of all, first and foremost
យ៉ាង yaaŋ 1. kind, type, way, manner
2. clf. for kinds, types
3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly}
4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very
បោះ bɑh 1. to throw (away), cast, fling
2. to cast (a vote) {ខ្ញុំបោះហើយ = I've voted already}
3. to scatter
4. to broadcast
5. to sow (seed)
6. to thrust (down) into, force in, insert, drive/fix (a stake in the ground)
7. to implant, set up
8. to locate, station, pitch a camp
9. to crush, grind, gin (cotton)
10. to imprint/impress (a seal), stamp, affix
11. to publish
12. to sell in large quantities with limited profit
13. to take a step