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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| វត្ត | voat | 1. Buddhist monastery, pagoda/temple complex 2. respect, esteem 3. tradition, discipline 4. application, fulfillment, implement-ation 5. profession, job, assignment, task 6. habit 7. actions, behavior, conduct Notes: ជើង ត |
| រួច | ruəc | 1. to finish, end, achieve, complete 2. indicates the possibility of completing the action of the main verb, to be able 3. already, then, after that |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| អ្នក | neak | 1. you (to equals of both sexes) 2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives) |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| បី | bəy | three |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ជិះ | cih | to ride (in or on a car, horse, boat, plane, train) |
| ម៉ូតូ | moutou | motorbike, motorcycle |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ត្រលប់ | trɑlɑp | 1. to return 2. to turn around |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ផ្ទះ | pteah | house, home, residence, building |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ផ្កាឈូក | pkaa cʰuuk | 1. color: pink 2. lotus flower 3. shower head |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| លាយ | liey | 1. to mix, blend, stir together, combine 2. to mix up, confuse 3. to scatter 4. to melt, dissolve 5. to be blended, mixed 6. to be liquid 7. track, trace, mark, line 8. pattern of lines on the palm of the hand 9. kind of fishing trap made of bamboo |
| ស | sɑɑ | color: white |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| កញ្ចក់ | kɑɲcɑk | 1. mirror, glass, pane of glass 2. screen 3. reflection, example |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |
| មើល | məəl | 1. to look at, to watch, to watch for, to observe 2. to read (to oneself), to review (a lesson) 3. to examine, survey, inspect 4. to observe 5. to treat (medically) 6. to care for, take care of 7. to consider, regard 8. particle: come on, give it a try 9. let me see! 10. phrase-final: softens a command or request {ជួយបង្ហាញតិចមើល = Please show me!} |
| ក្រោយ | kraoy | 1. to be next, behind, after 2. back 3. later, next 4. in the future |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| សុវត្ថិភាព | soʔvattʰeʔpʰiep | 1. goodness, prosperity, happiness, success 2. good health 3. safety |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| ចាំបាច់ | cam bac | 1. necessary, essential, indispendable 2. to need to |
| រំខាន | rumkʰaan | 1. to annoy, disturb, interfere, bother 2. to be annoyed, disturbed, dissatisfied, displeased, disappointed, unhappy |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ងាក | ŋiek | 1. to turn (especially the head), change direction, turn aside, turn away 2. to move away 3. to turn one's attention (from/to), turn one's back on |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ចង់ | cɑŋ | 1. to want/wish/desire (to do something) 2. to flirt with, court, woo (a girl) 3. to approach, draw near 4. about to (do something), on the point of 5. even if |
| ដឹង | dəŋ | 1. to know, to be aware of, to be familiar with 2. [colloquial] can be used in the affirmative or, as an answer to a question, to mean ‘no’ {ដឹងហើយ = ok!} {ឯងដឹងថាគាត់ទៅណាអត់? ដឹង! = Do you know where he went to? No, I don’t.} |
| នរណា | nɔɔnaa | who, which one, anybody |
| ខាងក្រោយ | kʰaaŋ kraoy | behind, in the back |
| ក្បាល | kbaal | 1. head 2. beginning, source (e.g., of a stream) 3. top, front (part) 4. heading (e.g., of a document or letter) 5. bow (of a boat) 6. volume (book) 7. chief, leader 8. clf. for books, animals and dehumanized persons such as enemy soldiers 9. lot, plot, parcel |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| គ្រាន់តែ | kroan tae | just, only, only just |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| មើលឃើញ | məəl kʰəəɲ | to see, to look at and see, to distinguish |
| យ៉ាង | yaaŋ | 1. kind, type, way, manner 2. clf. for kinds, types 3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly} 4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very |
| ច្បាស់ | cbah | 1. clear, distinct, sure {ខ្ញុំអត់ច្បាស់ដែរ = I'm not sure (either)} 2. clearly, surely, distinctly, definitely |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ប្តី | pdəy | husband Notes: ជើង ត; pronunciation ជើង ដ |
| អ្នកឌុប | neak dup | driver (e.g., of a bike or motorbike) carrying a passenger or friend |
| ខាងមុខ | kʰaaŋ muk | 1. front, in front (of), ahead 2. forward, facing forward 3. in the future, coming |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| ចង្កូត | cɑŋkout | rudder, helm, tiller, steering mechanism/wheel, controls (of a motor) {ចង្កូតឡាន = steering wheel (of a car)} {ចង្កូតម៉ូតូ = handlebar (of a motorbike)} |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| ពាក់ | peak | 1. to wear (shirt, hat, ring, shoes, but not pants) 2. to put on 3. to hang up, suspend, hang on |
| អាវ | ʔaav | shirt, blouse, coat, upper garment |
| ដៃខ្លី | day kləy | short sleeve {ពាក់អាវសដៃខ្លី = [he's] wearing a white short sleeve shirt} |
| ស្វាយ | svaay | 1. mango 2. color: purple, violet, mauve |
| ស្លៀក | sliək | to put on or wear clothing (below the waist only: skirts, trousers) |
| ខោ | kʰao | pants, trousers |
| ជើង | cəəŋ | 1. foot, leg 2. base, bottom 3. edge 4. subscript form of a Cambodian consonant 5. immediate vicinity 6. north {ខាងជើង = north} 7. way, path, trip 8. clf. for trips or occurrences 9. to be an expert/veteran/skilled at + verb |
| វែង | vɛɛŋ | long, tall |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ស្បែកជើង | sbaek cǝǝŋ | shoes, boots, footwear |
| អម្បាញ់មិញ | ʔɑmbaɲ mɨɲ | just now, just a moment ago |
| ដោះ | dɑh | 1. breast(s), udder 2. to undo, untie 3. to take off (clothing), remove 4. to lift (a curse) 5. to release, free 6. to save, rescue 7. to solve, explain, settle (a question), resolve |
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| ខាងក្រៅ | kʰaaŋ krav | 1. outside, outside of 2. on/from the outside |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ស្បែកជើងប៉ាតា | sbaek cǝǝŋ baa taa | sneakers |
| ចំណែក | cɑmnaek | 1. as for, as to, regarding 2. part, division, portion, fragment, quotient |
| កណ្ដាល | kɑndaal | 1. center, middle 2. mean, medium 3. to be medium, average, intermediate 4. central 5. between, in the middle of Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ក្មេងប្រុស | kmeeŋ proh | boy |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| កូនប្រុស | koun proh | son |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| តូច | touc, tuuc | 1. small, little, tiny 2. minor |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ឌុប | dup | 1. to ride double (e.g., on a bike or motorbike) 2. to transport someone as a passenger on a motorbike |
| លឿង | lɨəŋ | color: yellow |
| ស្បែកជើងផ្ទាត់ | sbaek cəəŋ ptoat | slippers, flip flops |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ម្ដាយ | mdaay | mother (used when speaking of or to someone else's mother) Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ទប់ | tup | to bar, to block, to obstruct, to stop, to control, to dam up |
| ខ្លាច | klaac | to fear, to be afraid of |
| ក្រែងលោ | kraeŋ loo | in case, in the event that, might be |
| ធ្លាក់ | tleak | 1. to fall, to fall down 2. to fail (an examination) |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| កូនក្មេង | koun kmeeŋ | small child/children {ខោអាវកូនក្មេង = clothes for children} |
| ស្ងៀម | sŋiǝm | 1. to be silent, quiet 2. still, immobile, inactive 3. to be idle, free, unemployed |
| រើ | rəə | 1. to move (out/away), shift the position of something 2. to remove, evacuate 3. to extract, take/pick out, unload 4. to transport, convey 5. to wriggle, toss and turn, struggle (to get loose) 6. (of a disease) to get worse, (of a wound) to re-open 7. to spit up, regurgitate 8. to chew the cud 9. to change (a previous statement/one's mind) 10. to repair 11. to repeal (a court session) |
| លេង | leeŋ | 1. to play 2. to do something for fun or pleasure 3. to joke |
| គ្រោះថ្នាក់ | krʊək tnak | 1. accident 2. danger, risk 3. to be dangerous |
| ប្រលែង | prɑlaeŋ | 1. to abandon, to separate 2. to play, to play together 3. to tease, to plague, to torment playfully Notes: also written ប្រឡែង |
| គ្នា | knie | 1. together 2. mutually, reciprocally 3. I/me/my (informal, intimate) 4. he/she/they/we (informal, intimate) 5. assistant, helper, colleague 6. friend, companion 7. people 8. clf. for persons |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |
| ដួល | duəl | to fall, to fall over, to collapse |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| អង្គុយ | ʔɑŋkuy | to sit, to sit down |
| ជាប់ | coap | 1. to link together 2. to stick to, adhere to 3. to hold on 4. to find oneself in (a situation) {ជាប់ផុងក្នុងភក់ = [of a car] to get bogged down in the mud} 5. to be fastened, joined, attached 6. to be (firmly) connected or linked (to) 7. to be adjacent (to) {៣ ឆ្នាំជាប់គ្នា = three years in a row} 8. to be caught 9. to be associated with 10. to be occupied (with), very busy (with), deeply involved (in) {ខ្ញុំជាប់មានការរវល់បន្តិច = I'm a bit busy} 11. to be a heavy ... (e.g., drinker, smoker) 12. to be addicted to something 13. adjacent to, next to 14. to undergo 15. to pass (an examination) {ខ្ញុំសម្ភាសន៍ការងារជាប់ហើយ! = I’ve passed the job interview!} 16. to be durable 17. firm 18. tenacious 19. tenaciously 20. incessantly, constantly, always |
| ពាក់ឆៀង | peak cʰiəŋ | to wear something slung obliquely across the front or back |
| សំពត់ | sɑmpʊət | wrap-around skirt, sarong |
| ច្រកគាវ | crɑɑk kiev | to straddle, to sit astride |
| ពិបាក | piʔbaak | 1. difficult {ការទិញអីវ៉ាន់នៅខ្មែររៀងពិបាកបន្តិច = buying things in Cambodia is a bit difficult/not easy} {តែពិបាកត្រង់ ឆាប់ងងុយដេក = the problem is: I’m getting tired easily} 2. sad, poor, miserable 3. to suffer |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ណាស់ | nah | very, very much |
| ដោយសារ | daoy saa | 1. because of, thanks to 2. depending on |
| ទើស | təəh | to be in the way, to be unable to go through an opening because of size or shape |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| បែរ | bae | 1. to turn (around), change direction, deviate 2. to step aside, avoid 3. to go back 4. to turn over 5. to become, turn into 6. tub/tank (especially for raising fish) |
| ចំហៀង | cɑmhiəŋ | 1. half, side, flank, part 2. on the side, on one's side 3. to be incomplete, not full, partial, in profile |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| សណ្ដូក | sɑndouk | 1. to stretch/draw out, to extend 2. to be extended Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ទិស | tɨh | direction |
| តែ | tae | 1. but, however 2. only, just 3. tea |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |