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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ដឹង | dəŋ | 1. to know, to be aware of, to be familiar with 2. [colloquial] can be used in the affirmative or, as an answer to a question, to mean ‘no’ {ដឹងហើយ = ok!} {ឯងដឹងថាគាត់ទៅណាអត់? ដឹង! = Do you know where he went to? No, I don’t.} |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| កាបូប | kaaboup | 1. bag 2. purse, wallet |
| លុយ | luy | 1. money 2. small change, coin |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| លួច | luəc | to steal |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| បាត់ | bat | 1. to lose, to disappear 2. to stop, to be finished 3. already 4. sentence-final: expressing disappointment or that something is unfortunate |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ព្យាយាម | pyieyiem | 1. to persist, to persevere, to try hard 2. perseverance, effort, endeavour, diligence, zeal |
| ងាក | ŋiek | 1. to turn (especially the head), change direction, turn aside, turn away 2. to move away 3. to turn one's attention (from/to), turn one's back on |
| មើល | məəl | 1. to look at, to watch, to watch for, to observe 2. to read (to oneself), to review (a lesson) 3. to examine, survey, inspect 4. to observe 5. to treat (medically) 6. to care for, take care of 7. to consider, regard 8. particle: come on, give it a try 9. let me see! 10. phrase-final: softens a command or request {ជួយបង្ហាញតិចមើល = Please show me!} |
| ជុំវិញ | cum vɨɲ | 1. around, surrounding, on all sides 2. about, concerning |
| ខ្លួន | kluən | 1. body, figure, person, self 2. reflexive pronoun: myself, yourself, himself etc. |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| រក | rɔɔk | 1. to look, search for, seek 2. to look up (e.g., in a dictionary) 3. to see, to visit 4. to request, ask for, ask someone to do something 5. to think about, plan/intend to {រកទៅ … = I’m thinking of [doing sth.], I’m about to [do sth.]} {ខ្ញុំរកជម្រាបលាលោកអ៊ំសិនហើយ = I'm thinking of saying goodbye already, uncle} {ខ្ញុំគិតរកទៅសិនហើយណា = I'm thinking of going/I'm about to leave} {ខ្ញុំកំពុងរកចង់ព្យួររូបថតមួយនេះ = I’m about to hang up a picture here} 6. is about to {មេឃរកភ្លៀងតែអត់ភ្លៀងសោះ = the sky looks like it’s going to rain but it isn’t raining at all} |
| តើ | taə | 1. indicating an indirect question, it may often be translated as 'if' or 'whether' 2. phrase-final: used for emphasis |
| នរណា | nɔɔnaa | who, which one, anybody |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| មនុស្ស | mɔnuh, meaʔnuh | human being, person |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ស្ថានីយ | stʰaanii | 1. station 2. place of rest, parking place |
| រថភ្លើង | rʊət pləəŋ | train |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| អារម្មណ៍ | ʔaarɑm | feelings, mood, attitude, impression |
| សោកស្ដាយ | saok sdaay | 1. to regret 2. to be sorry 3. to lament, mourn (a loss or death) Notes: ជើង ដ |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ភ័យ | pʰey | 1. to be scared, afraid 2. fear, fright, terror, dread |
| យ៉ាង | yaaŋ | 1. kind, type, way, manner 2. clf. for kinds, types 3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly} 4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very |
| ខ្លាំង | klaŋ | 1. to be strong, vigorous 2. loud 3. firm, sturdy 4. serious 5. strongly, vigorously, exceedingly |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ស្វែងរក | svaeŋ rɔɔk | to go and look for, to search for, to seek |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| នីមួយៗ | niimuəy niimuəy | each, each one, every one, various, all |
| សុទ្ធតែ | sot tae | all, only, exclusively, completely, without exception, nothing but |
| មិនដែល | mɨn dael | 1. never [to have done something] (used only for past actions) 2. nonsense {វាមិនដែល = មិនដែលអេ៎ = it is nonsense} |
| ស្គាល់ | skoal | 1. to know (someone), recognize, have seen before 2. to be familiar with |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| ចោរ | cao | thief, robber, gangster |
| រត់ | rʊət | 1. to run (away), flee, escape 2. to run/function well 3. to coincide 4. to work out 5. to work as a runner/motorcycle taxi/rickshaw driver 6. to be fast 7. to be fluent |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| លូក | luuk | 1. to reach/thrust out/extend (especially the hand), put (the hand) in some place 2. to stretch out 3. to protrude |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| កុំឲ្យ | kom ʔaoy | 1. in order that not ..., so as not to ... 2. don't let ... |
| ចាប់ | cap | 1. to catch, capture, seize, grasp, get 2. to receive (e.g., a radio or television broadcast) 3. to select 4. clf. for handfuls 5. to begin to, undertake, start 6. to be painful |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ទង្វើ | tʊəŋvəə | work, deed, act Notes: root: ធ្វើ |
| ខុសច្បាប់ | kʰoh cbap | illicit, illegal |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| ទោស | tooh | 1. fault, error 2. blame, guilt 3. crime, offense 4. harm, damage, injury 5. punishment, penalty 6. hatred, hostility, anger |
| ជាប់ | coap | 1. to link together 2. to stick to, adhere to 3. to hold on 4. to find oneself in (a situation) {ជាប់ផុងក្នុងភក់ = [of a car] to get bogged down in the mud} 5. to be fastened, joined, attached 6. to be (firmly) connected or linked (to) 7. to be adjacent (to) {៣ ឆ្នាំជាប់គ្នា = three years in a row} 8. to be caught 9. to be associated with 10. to be occupied (with), very busy (with), deeply involved (in) {ខ្ញុំជាប់មានការរវល់បន្តិច = I'm a bit busy} 11. to be a heavy ... (e.g., drinker, smoker) 12. to be addicted to something 13. adjacent to, next to 14. to undergo 15. to pass (an examination) {ខ្ញុំសម្ភាសន៍ការងារជាប់ហើយ! = I’ve passed the job interview!} 16. to be durable 17. firm 18. tenacious 19. tenaciously 20. incessantly, constantly, always |
| ពន្ធនាគារ | pʊəntʰeaʔniekie | jail, prison |
| ប៉ូលិស | poulih | police |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| តាម | taam | 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step} 2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time} 3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market} |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ទីកន្លែង | tii kɑnlaeŋ | place, site, location |
| ពិបាក | piʔbaak | 1. difficult {ការទិញអីវ៉ាន់នៅខ្មែររៀងពិបាកបន្តិច = buying things in Cambodia is a bit difficult/not easy} {តែពិបាកត្រង់ ឆាប់ងងុយដេក = the problem is: I’m getting tired easily} 2. sad, poor, miserable 3. to suffer |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| អ្នក | neak | 1. you (to equals of both sexes) 2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives) |
| ណាស់ | nah | very, very much |